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Keylogging or keystroke logging is the recording of  the computer users keystrokes using software or hardware. Though it is easy to install keyloggers in computers accessed by the public like cybercafe or in companies using hardware, software is used to record keystrokes in home computers.

Keylogging may be used by companies to ensure that their confidential information is not leaked and to monitor the activities of their employees. Law enforcement agencies also use keyloggers to track criminals and terrorists. Keyloggers can be misused for corporate espionage or to extract sensitive information like credit card or internet banking details. Some times parents may use keyloggers to track the online activities of their children.

Hardware keyloggers are sometimes attached to the keyboard cable. These are easy to install but  may be detected after some time. Other types of  keyloggers may be installed inside a standard keyboard by soldering it to the PCB inside or the keyboard may be replaced by a similar keyboard with a built in keylogger. Hardware keyloggers are not very common, since physical access to the computer is required.

Most keyloggers are software programs which are unknowingly downloaded by the computer owner. Since most computer users have antivirus and spyware removal tools installed to protect against trojans like key loggers, hackers find it difficult to install keylogger software. They usually attack unprotected computers, which do not have a firewall installed or persons using peer to peer networks for file sharing like Limewire. Sometimes, the software is also sent as an email attachment.

A person can prevent unauthorized access to personal data, by limiting physical access to the computer. When a computer maintenance person opens your computer, observe closely the changes made. Install a firewall while accessing the internet. Download and install effective antivirus and spyware removal software. Keep the software updated and scan the computer at regular intervals.